Some strains of bacteria lack cell wall.
They are called L-form bacteria or L-phase bacteria or cell wall deficient
bacteria. A German microbiologist Emmy Klieneberger-Nobel, working at Lister
institute in London, had first isolated them and named them L-form, after her
institute name. They are generated from the bacterial species that usually have
the cell walls like Escherichia coli
and Bacillus subtilis. L-form can be
generated from the cell wall containing bacteria by treating them with lysozyme
(an enzyme that digests cell wall) or by inhibiting the peptidoglycan synthesis
with antibiotics. The morphology of L-form differs from the strain from which
they are derived and they are generally spheres or spheroids in shape. For
example, the L-form of Bacillus subtilis appears
round in shape.
Note: Mycoplasma
differs from L-form. Both of them lacks the cell wall but later are derived
from the cell wall containing bacteria.
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